Trends of non-coding RNAs research in acute rejection after kidney transplantation

The success of kidney transplantation as the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage kidney diseases (ESKD) is hindered by eventual failure of grafts mainly due to immune mediated rejection. Early detection of acute rejection (AR) for early initiation of proper anti-rejection therapy is very important in preventing allograft damage or loss. Understanding of non-coding RNAs’ (ncRNAs) function and the existence of a highly regulated interplay between mRNA/miRNAs/lncRNAs in allograft rejection has gained the attention of research groups to explore different expression patterns of ncRNAs in the field of organ transplantation. Finding a specific pattern of ncRNAs as biomarker will be extremely important for monitoring the kidney allograft function, diagnosis, treatment and even preventing of AR occurrence. In this review list of miRNAs and lncRNAs have been linked to AR following kidney transplantation until now is presented.